Crochet Basics Guide

Everything you need to know about gauge, yarn labels, hook sizes, and more. Your complete reference for successful crochet projects.

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Understanding Gauge

What is Gauge?

Gauge (also called tension in UK patterns) is the number of stitches and rows per inch (or per 4 inches/10cm) in your crochet work. It's the most important measurement for ensuring your finished project matches the intended size in the pattern.

Example: If a pattern says "Gauge: 16 sc = 4 inches", this means when you crochet single crochet stitches with the recommended yarn and hook, you should get exactly 16 stitches across a 4-inch measurement.

Why Gauge Matters

  • Correct Size: Ensures your sweater fits, your blanket covers the bed
  • Yarn Calculation: Helps determine how much yarn you'll actually need
  • Fabric Quality: Affects drape, warmth, and durability of your project
  • Pattern Success: Critical for fitted garments and structured items

How to Check Gauge

  1. 1
    Make a larger swatch: Crochet at least 6x6 inches using pattern stitch, recommended yarn and hook
  2. 2
    Let it rest: Allow the swatch to relax for a few hours or overnight
  3. 3
    Measure carefully: Use a ruler to mark exactly 4 inches, count stitches within that space
  4. 4
    Adjust if needed: Too many stitches = use larger hook; Too few stitches = use smaller hook

Understanding Gauge Numbers

If your gauge shows MORE stitches than the pattern:

  • • Your stitches are too tight/small
  • • Use a LARGER hook size
  • • Your finished project will be too small

If your gauge shows FEWER stitches than the pattern:

  • • Your stitches are too loose/large
  • • Use a SMALLER hook size
  • • Your finished project will be too big

Pro Tips

  • • Everyone crochets differently - your gauge may not match the designer's even with the same materials
  • • Gauge can change throughout a project as you get into a rhythm - check periodically
  • • For items where exact size doesn't matter (like scarves), gauge is less critical
  • • Save your gauge swatch - it's perfect for testing washing and blocking methods